Biodiversidade marinha da costa sul de Sagres. Identificação e caracterização de biótopos

A necessidade de obter informação georreferenciada de habitats marinhos da costa portuguesa foi o principal motivador para a realização deste estudo. Sagres é reconhecido como sítio de importância comunitária, o que lhe confere redobrado interesse do ponto de vista da conservação da biodiversidade. Este estudo pretende colmatar parte do desconhecimento da biodiversidade e da distribuição dos habitats da zona subtidal de Sagres. A área de estudo situa-se na extremidade Sul entre a ponta de Sagres e a praia da Ingrina, entre a zona costeira e a batimétrica dos 86 metros. Os objectivos propostos foram alcançados pela realização de censos visuais através de mergulho subaquático com escafandro autónomo nos recifes rochosos costeiros, arrastos de vara na caracterização da epifauna e através da utilização de draga Van Veen na caracterização da infauna do substrato móvel. A área foi genericamente caracterizada por apresentar reduzida cobertura recifal e de baixa complexidade estrutural. O recife encontra-se sobretudo numa área entre a costa e a batimétrica dos 25 metros e outra para além da batimétrica dos 60 metros e por isso de difícil avaliação por métodos convencionais. No recife rochoso costeiro foi possível identificar três habitats de características particulares, nomeadamente áreas junto às falésias, constituídas por blocos de grandes dimensões, áreas de recife com pouco relevo no meio de áreas com alguma gravilha ou pedras roladas, e ainda, grutas e cavernas de grandes dimensões. O substrato móvel existente foi, por sua vez, caracterizado pela sua composição homogénea em toda a sua extensão

An overview of the submerged sea caves of Sagres (South of Portugal-Algarve)

The submerged sea caves of Sagres are located within the “Parque Natural do Sudoeste Alentejano e Costa Vicentina (PNSACV)” Marine Protected Area (MPA). This MPA integrates the national network of protected areas, addressed by the National Institute for Nature Conservation and Forest (ICNF) and was declared Site of Community Importance (SCI) under the Habitats Directive. Under the Annex I from the Habitat Directive these habitat caves are included in “8330 Submerged or partially submerged sea caves”. This conservation status should provide sufficient concern to have detailed information on biodiversity. However, among marine researcher, little is still known about these submerged sea caves and tunnels habitats. The only well-known study dealing with the Sagres sea caves was conducted in the late 80s and was only published in 2001. For effective management of such specific habitats a clear understanding of their localization and extension, the assessment of the biological communities, its conservation importance, its monitoring options and their sensitivity to natural change and human disturbance need to be a relatively clear. This report, produced under the MeshAtlantic Project, provides an overview of the available published and unpublished information relevant for the conservation management of the subtidal caves of Sagres. It mainly aims to be a base contribution for future studies

Estudo das alterações da temperatura da face em resposta a um estímulo doloroso

Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciado em FisioterapiaIntrodução: A dor é uma experiência subjectiva e pessoal sendo por isso difícil o seu estudo. A indução de estímulos nocivos experimentalmente tem sido referido como a forma mais segura e precisa de estudar os mecanismos da dor. O estímulo da dor provocado pelo cold pressor test (CPT), através da imersão em água fria da mão, é considerado um método fiável e válido, reportando quem a ele é sujeito, como mimetizar devidamente um estímulo doloroso. Objectivo: Pretende-se com o presente estudo verificar a resposta termográfica da face perante o estímulo do (CPT), explorando o processamento da dor ao observar se existe alteração de temperatura, distalmente ao estímulo doloroso, como resposta do sistema nervoso autónomo, através da sua intervenção na capacidade de termorregulação. Metodologia: Nove indivíduos com uma média de idades de 30,91±2,02 anos, foram avaliados por termografia antes e depois do CPT. Cada participante foi avaliado num único dia. As imagens térmicas foram obtidas utilizando uma câmara termográfica (FLIR A325). Foi utilizado software ThermaCAM Researcher Pro 2.10 para recolha e posterior tratamento das imagens térmicas. Os participantes foram sujeitos a um período de aclimatização de 15 minutos, sendo as imagens obtidas através do plano frontal da face, antes e depois do (CPT). Foram tidos em conta os valores obtidos da temperatura do nariz, mandibula e maxila. A intensidade da dor pela imersão em água fria da mão foi quantificada através da escala numérica de dor. Resultados: A temperatura das zonas em avaliação aumentou na maioria das áreas avaliadas, sendo este aumento significativo na zona da maxila e mandibula, lado não dominante e na mandibula lado dominante (p≤0.05). As diferenças da temperatura da pele sugerem a intervenção do sistema nervoso autónomo, provocado pelo CPT. Conclusão: A termografia da face revelou ser útil no estudo da dor, sugerindo a actividade do sistema nervoso autónomo, através do registo da alteração de temperatura e o estímulo induzido pelo CPT.Introduction: Pain is a hard to study, unpleasant and subjective experience. Inducing noxious stimuli has been referred as one of the most accurate and safe way to study pain mechanisms. Cold pressor pain, induced by the submergence of the hand in cold water, is said to mimic the effect of the unpleasant feeling reported by the subjects. Objective: The aim of this study is verify the thermographic response of the face to the CPT stimulus, exploring the pain processing by observing if there is a temperature alteration, distal to the pain stimulus, as a response of the autonomic nervous system, through its intervention in the thermoregulation capacity.. Methodology: Nine subjects with average age of 30,91±2,02 years were evaluated by thermal imaging before and after a CPT. Each participant was evaluated a single day in which two skin temperature measurements were performed. Thermal images were obtained using a camera (FLIR A325). The software ThermaCAM Researcher Pro 2.10 was used to obtain and process the thermal images. After a 15 minute acclimatization period the thermograms were obtained from the anterior view of the face before and after the CPT. The temperature values that were considered, were those attained from the nose, the mandible and maxilla. The intensity of pain induced by submerging the hand in cold water was evaluated by a numeric rating scale. Results: Skin temperature increased in most of the analyzed regions of interest and the increase was significant in the non-dominant maxilla and mandible and in the dominant mandible (p≤0.05). Skin temperature changes suggest an arousal of the autonomic nervous system induced by the CPT. Conclusion: Thermal imaging of the face proved useful in pain research, allowing to estimate autonomic activity. The CPT induced facial skin temperature changes.N/

The Importance of Clusters for Sustainable Innovation Processes: The Context of Small and Medium Sized Regions

The purpose of the current paper is to provide a critical state-of-the-art review of current research on clusters and its correlation to innovation dynamics in small and medium-sized regions. In particular, we focus on the systematization of the main concepts and theoretical insights that are tributary to the cluster overview in terms of its relevance for the sustainability of the innovation processes, knowledge production and diffusion, which take place inside small and medium-sized regions. The present working paper takes into account the initial studies on English industrial districts (in the nineteenth century), passing through the Italian industrial districts (in the 70s and 80s of the twentieth century), until the modern theories of business clusters and innovation systems. These frameworks constitute the basis of an approach to endogenous development, which gives a central role to the interaction between economic actors, the society and the institutions and to the identification, mobilization and combination of potential resources within a particular geographical area.Cluster; Innovation; Endogenous development; Territory.

Adequação dos exames de radiologia solicitados por um departamento de emergência: um estudo retrospetivo

Imaging tests are essential for diagnosis in the emergency context and convey clinical information that is essential to assess the appropriateness of the tests and improve their interpretation. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the imaging tests requested by the Emergency Department in a district hospital.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Análise exploratória espacial das atividades económicas em Portugal

Mestrado em EconomiaAs atividades económicas não se distribuem uniformemente em todo o território. Como tal, a concentração geográfica das atividades económicas tem despertado um grande interesse na comunidade científica, na sequência de exemplos famosos como o Silicon Valley (Califórnia), Route 128 (Boston), Cambridge (Reino Unido), o estado federal de Baden Wurttemberg (Alemanha). Dada a importância desta matéria, geralmente aceite como uma prioridade no quadro das diversas políticas de desenvolvimento económico, o objetivo deste trabalho é medir e descrever o padrão de distribuição espacial dos principais sectores da atividade económica em Portugal. Para isso, seguimos a metodologia de R. Guillain and J. Le Gallo (2010), combinando o coeficiente de Gini locacional com uma Análise Espacial de Dados Exploratória, aplicada aos dados do emprego por sector e por municípios em 2009 e 2010. Esta abordagem tem a vantagem de introduzir uma dimensão espacial nas medidas habituais de concentração, procurando assim determinar o padrão de localização de cada sector de atividade e medir a correlação espacial.Economic activities are not evenly distributed throughout the territory. As such, the geographical concentration of economic activities has aroused a great interest in the academic community, following such famous examples as Silicon Valley (California), Route 128 (Boston), Cambridge (UK), the federal state of Baden Wurttemberg (Germany). Given the importance of this matter, regarded as a priority in terms of economic development policies, the aim of this paper is to measure and describe the spatial distribution pattern of the main sectors of economic activity in Portugal. For this we follow the methodology of R. Guillain and J. Le Gallo (2010), combining the locational Gini coefficient with an Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis, applied to the employment data by sector and by municipalities in 2009 and 2010. This approach has the advantage of introducing a spatial dimension to the usual measures of concentration, thus seeking to determine the location pattern of each sector of activity and to measure spatial correlation

Catches in ghost-fishing octopus and fish traps in the northeastern Atlantic Ocean (Algarve, Portugal)

Ghost fishing is the term used to describe the continued capture of fish and other living organisms after a fisherman has lost all control over the gear. Traps may be lost for a variety of reasons including theft, vandalism, abandonment, interactions with other gear, fouling on the bottom (i.e., traps and ropes are caught on rocky substrate), bad weather, and human error (Laist, 1995). Annual trap loss can be as high as 20% to 50% of fished traps in some fisheries (Al-Masroori et al., 2004). Because lost traps can continue to fish for long periods, albeit with decreasing efficiency over time (e.g., Smolowitz, 1978; Breen, 1987, 1990; Guillory, 1993), ghost fishing is a concern in fisheries worldwide

Applicable Law to Insurance Contracts in the light Of Rome I Regulation – Challenges to Cross-Border Insurance Contracts in the EU

Abstract: This article explores the current situation of cross-border insurance contracts within the EU. In contracts that do not involve a conflict of laws, the determination of the applicable law is hastily and of a relatively easy resolution, as they will be disciplined by the substantive law of the current legal order, which they only have contact with. When it comes to insurance contracts that are seen in a conflict of laws, defining the applicable law raises a question since these contracts are in contact with at least more than one legal order. In this case, there is a certain amount of uncertainty regarding which judicial order will govern the contract and the criteria that will dictate this resolution. When we refer to an insurance contract that involves a conflict of several laws, such as a policyholder with regular residence in MS A, who contracts an insurance contract with an insurer based in MS B, whose risk is in MS C. Due to this, there are several points of contact with different legal orders. As such, it will be necessary to establish what the contract's regulatory law should be.  In the EU domain, the answer to this issue is to reflect on the regulations defining the applicable law. In this context, we highlight the Rome I Regulation, which establishes in its article 7 a special conflict rule, hence appearing as the starting point for the problem raised by us. This way, we will focus on the analysis of the solutions contained in article 7, related to large risk contracts and contracts covering mass risks whose unpredictability is located within the EU. Finally, we will explore legal solutions to establish an applicable law in association with the principle of free movement. In particular, as seen in a classic case of an active insurance seeking, where the policyholder, in the light of his freedom of movement, decides on his own to hire insurance from another legal system, apart from his home state.   Keywords: Private International Law; European Union; Rome I Regulation; Insurance; Applicable LawAbstract: This article explores the current situation of cross-border insurance contracts within the EU. In contracts that do not involve a conflict of laws, the determination of the applicable law is hastily and of a relatively easy resolution, as they will be disciplined by the substantive law of the current legal order, which they only have contact with. When it comes to insurance contracts that are seen in a conflict of laws, defining the applicable law raises a question since these contracts are in contact with at least more than one legal order. In this case, there is a certain amount of uncertainty regarding which judicial order will govern the contract and the criteria that will dictate this resolution. When we refer to an insurance contract that involves a conflict of several laws, such as a policyholder with regular residence in MS A, who contracts an insurance contract with an insurer based in MS B, whose risk is in MS C. Due to this, there are several points of contact with different legal orders. As such, it will be necessary to establish what the contract's regulatory law should be.  In the EU domain, the answer to this issue is to reflect on the regulations defining the applicable law. In this context, we highlight the Rome I Regulation, which establishes in its article 7 a special conflict rule, hence appearing as the starting point for the problem raised by us. This way, we will focus on the analysis of the solutions contained in article 7, related to large risk contracts and contracts covering mass risks whose unpredictability is located within the EU. Finally, we will explore legal solutions to establish an applicable law in association with the principle of free movement. In particular, as seen in a classic case of an active insurance seeking, where the policyholder, in the light of his freedom of movement, decides on his own to hire insurance from another legal system, apart from his home state.   Keywords: Private International Law; European Union; Rome I Regulation; Insurance; Applicable La